It seems to an ordinary buyer that plaster for walls is a specific type of finishing material. Often, ignorance of the classification stops the purchase. In fact, plaster mixes cover a wide range of materials. They differ in composition, purpose, service life. Even a little knowledge in this area will allow you to buy the right kind of raw material.
Features and purpose
In the classical sense, plaster is everything that can be used to coat the walls during the construction process. These are mixtures developed in accordance with the requirements of GOST. They are based on an astringent substance. In addition to it, the composition includes various additives. Most of them have a narrow purpose, which explains the richness of choice.
In each case, its own nuances of using and preparing the base are provided. However, the basic rules for such materials are the same: they are applied to the wall, then leveled.
The purpose of the mixtures is extensive, it depends on the composition of the plaster. Due to it, the mixture can be used for finishing unheated rooms (for example, an attic). Other components even provide for operation in harsh conditions. They can withstand temperatures down to -40 degrees in winter. Others are designed specifically for wet rooms where resistance of finishing materials to critical conditions is necessary. Some are resistant to temperature changes, differing in their special structure.
Depending on the line-up, they differ in starting and finishing line-ups.
Draft
Rough plaster is understood as a mixture, which itself is the basis for the finishing material. Usually the surface is trimmed to it. Outwardly, it is often unremarkable, its appearance is far from aesthetic. It is a viscous or sandy mass of gray or clay shade.
This category of plaster mixes differs in granularity. Since it is rough, the inclusions are large. Often there is sand in such a mixture, which is visible in the mass.
Such materials are widely used as a substrate preparation. They are appropriate for leveling the surface, masking potholes, chips, filling cracks.
This material works as a dental solution for filling and building teeth. The composition includes a binder that prevents further destruction of the walls. The gaps are filled with them, then the surface is trimmed and polished. The difference is the fact that this plaster needs a nice material on top of it … It can be paper (wallpaper), drywall, lining, wood, plastic, glass (mirror), laminate, siding, metal or finishing plaster.
Finishing
Finishing material is usually understood as compositions with a decorative purpose. They are not the basis for other finishing materials. This is the main difference between the two types of plaster. They are not used as a rough draft due to their higher cost. As a rule, the price for such plaster is much higher.
The compositions also differ in appearance. Their structure is viscous, elastic, but the grain size is much less. The grains of sand are not visible, they cannot be felt when rubbing the mass between the fingers. Such a mixture lays down on the surface in a different way. It is pleasant and easy to work with her.
Subject to the basic recommendations of the sellers and the rules of the masters, the result often becomes a source of pride for the owners.
Such compositions are applied in a thin layer. Often, to obtain a better result or a special effect in finishes, one material is applied in 2 - 3 layers. The individual varieties cover the walls up to 5 times, mixing different shades in order to obtain a unique appearance. In this case, the layer thickness should not exceed 1 mm..
To achieve this, the method of applying the mass is chosen automated. It allows you to speed up the spraying procedure and saves the raw materials used by up to 40%.
What's better?
It is impossible to single out one of the types or name a universal one for any conditions and needs. For this reason, it cannot be said which one is better. If you use the plaster mixture for other purposes, it will not last long. This usually leads to flaking from the substrate, even with good surface preparation and increased adhesion. If the plaster moves away from the wall, it will not be possible to correct it imperceptibly.
The basic color of the plaster depends on its composition (base and additives). For example, sometimes the mass has a concrete shade. If it contains clay, the color may be off-white or brownish. Lime gives a white color. When dry, the gypsum-based mass brightens and becomes a bleached gray. Decorative mixtures are distinguished by a white tone with varying degrees of its purity.
Typically, the manufacturer's trademark for the convenience of the buyer supplies its products with a number of recommendations. The marking indicates what type of work the material is intended for (eg, leveling, interior finishing). The type of the recommended surface is also marked on it (for brick, concrete bases, foam blocks, foam finishing). You need to choose the one that corresponds to the specific basis and type of work (outdoor or indoor, preparatory or finishing).
Even a process like plastering a doorway has material requirements. The solution used when installing a double-glazed window is also different. One kind cannot be replaced by another: the mass will not hold as it should. Sealing mortar is not a substitute for decorative mixture.
Each type is designed for a different layer thickness. It differs in terms and conditions of drying.
The advantages of decorative mixtures
Finishing mixtures used to decorate walls have a number of advantages:
- They are aesthetically pleasing. Plaster is an alternative to many finishing materials. The idea of decorating the walls with it is fresh, therefore it is in demand.
- Mixes are a quality product. They are performed on modern equipment using new technologies. This improves the performance of the mixtures.
- Plaster solutions are environmentally friendly. They are safe even for allergy sufferers; during service they do not emit toxic substances into the air.
- The plaster can be of different colors. The composition provides for a color change due to the usual color scheme. You can vary the color saturation.
- Most of the developed solutions absorb noise. This allows you to reduce annoying noise from neighboring apartments or the street.
- Materials are wall insulation. Even a thin layer helps to reduce heat loss, which is noticeable in the cold season.
- PVA glue can be added to any type of plaster. It improves the quality and performance characteristics of the formulations.
- Such materials are base correctors. They are able to trim the surface if it is practically level.
- Mixes are variable in the choice of effect. You can choose an option for a specific interior style, indicating that it belongs to it.
- The decorative material strengthens the base. The structure is not subject to destruction. Finish by hand and machine.
- The mixtures are durable. With the correct application and decoration technology, they will last more than 10 years without the need for adjustment.
- The materials are UV resistant. They do not fade under the sun, whether it is finishing raw materials for facade or mortar for interior work.
The composition includes additives that increase the life cycle of the plaster mass. This increases the time of use and makes adjustments if necessary. You can apply more solution to complete the drawing in whole, continuous lines.
In addition, decorative plaster is fireproof. It differs in unlimited possibilities of imitating different textures.
disadvantages
In addition to advantages, plaster also has disadvantages:
- Not all materials are resistant to condensation. Over time, even cement masses are destroyed from it.
- No type of composition can be applied in a thick layer. The time to work increases, non-observance of the technology leads to cracking of the plaster, the wall can deform.
- The consistency of any mixture must be correct. Its modification will cause a deterioration in the appearance of the coating, complicate the application of the composition to the walls.
- Some categories of formulations do not meet the stated requirements. More often this is due to the counterfeiting of goods of famous brands.
- Individual mixtures are washed off with each cleaning. Some formulations have to be coated with diluted varnish, others cannot be protected from abrasion.
- Embossed decorative coatings are difficult to maintain. Dust settles in the grooves, it is not easy to remove it, sometimes it hurts the skin of the hands.
Types and properties
The range of plastering products covers a wide range of coatings. On store shelves, you can buy different options - from elastic and flexible to vapor-permeable velvet.
For example, today plaster is in demand among buyers:
- sanitizing;
- perlite;
- polymer;
- gypsum perlite;
- cement;
- plaster;
- magnetic;
- calcareous.
Clay plaster mass is made independently. It is rarely used today.
According to the binder, the mixtures can be acrylic, mineral, silicone and silicate.
Acrylic
Acrylic coatings are particularly flexible in the applied layer. The basis is a high molecular weight polymer. The origin of the dyes included in the composition can be organic and inorganic. These are decorative solutions, on store shelves they are presented in the form of ready-made paste in buckets. Disadvantages are low vapor transmission capacity and instability to UV rays.
Mineral
The main binder of mineral solutions is cement. These are formulations that are sold in powder form. They differ in relatively affordable cost, designed for bathroom walls due to moisture resistance. For the same reason they are used in the decoration of facades.
Such compositions are not afraid of weather factors and changing seasons. They are considered one of the best environmental materials. They are not susceptible to fading, but they are vulnerable to significant mechanical shock.
Silicone
Such analogs are based on synthetic resinous substances. It is a simple and easy-to-use finishing material. Depending on the composition, it is intended for use inside and outside the building and, unlike analogs, repels dust, is resistant to absorbing foreign odors.
The plaster is plastic, in the process of application it creates moisture-resistant protection, due to which is a suitable material for use in the decoration of the walls of the bathroom, bath, dressing room … It is considered a good choice for rooms with a high humidity coefficient.
This is especially true for apartment buildings with impaired construction technology, including a ventilation system that is insufficient or completely absent.
Silicate
Such options differ from the general line of the main component in the form of liquid glass. It is a mixture of alkaline potassium carbonate, quartz sand and potassium hydroxide. Along with water repellency, silicate types of plaster mixes are characterized by special strength. After drying, such a layer is reliable and resistant to mechanical damage.
This material excludes rotting of the material for which it is the base. It is resistant to mold fungi, sufficiently viscous and fireproof. On store shelves, it is presented in the form of a finished product with different colors.
Silicate finishing is considered one of the best, reliable and durable in the artisan industry. It is designed for 30-50 years of operation.
Release form
The building materials market is packed with offers for different tastes and wallets. Among the wealth of choice, it's easy to get lost. All products can be divided into 2 types according to the form of release. These are raw materials in the form of semi-finished products and ready-made plastering materials.
Dry plaster compositions are presented on the modern market in the form of powders of various types and compositions. They are not connected with gypsum fiber sheets. Most often they are sold in standard bags with a volume of 25 - 30 kg. Sometimes the packing is less (2, 5, 10 kg). The components are balanced so that the weight meets the stated requirements and practicality. Raw materials are prepared for work using ordinary water at room temperature.
The manufacturer indicates the amount of water on the package itself. Typically, 6 kg of the mixture takes 0.2 liters of water.… However, in addition to the basic components, trademarks provide for the combination of components with additives at will. More often this is a color scheme, since the addition of other inclusions will not be transferred to the required extent. For this reason, certain types of coatings are decorated in different ways after they have dried.
Ready mixes are a self-sufficient finishing material. Unlike dry analogs, this plaster is exclusively finishing or decorative. Release form - plastic buckets of different sizes (5, 10 kg and more). It does not need to be diluted, the mass has the desired consistency, reminiscent of a paste. Often it is already painted, which increases its cost.
However, the color solutions of such material are often poor. Only pink, beige or wood finishes can be found on sale … Of course, a ready-made tone is convenient if there is a large amount of work to be done. There is no need to color and select each portion of the mixture. However, quite often the buyer wants to decorate the interior of the home with a coating with a shade that is not on sale.
An ordinary buyer does not always know that not a single plaster composition is kneaded all at once. Even an experienced craftsman with professional equipment does not use a composition on all walls, the life cycle of which is short. Dry mix will be the best solution.
In order not to doubt the fit of the shade, you need to write down the amount of color and use a measure for each batch.
The finished mass is often thicker than the powder analogue. When the container is opened, its properties begin to change. Dry varieties also dry out, but their life cycle is slightly longer. Other factors speak in favor of the powder. Such material is cheaper, it is easy to clean, and when using it, excess plaster is almost impossible. This is due to the small portions of the batch.
All types of plastering material can be divided into several categories.
Special
The category of special plaster coatings includes varieties with special fillers. It is a kind of screening insulating layer. One of the varieties of such material is an X-ray protective mixture.
In addition to the basic set of requirements stated in GOST, it is protected from electromagnetic radiation and has an inexpensive price. The thickness of the protective coating is usually small. The work must be carried out quickly, since docking in this process is unacceptable.
An interesting version of plaster mixes is an acid-resistant variety. It is used mainly in facilities where walls are exposed to aggressive acid vapors (in industrial workshops, laboratories). The basis for such raw materials is a liquid glass product. The composition includes quartzite and stone flour.
To prevent the glass from collapsing due to exposure to air, another layer of plaster is applied on top of such a coating. Usually it is a cement-sand based product. followed by ironing.
Decorative
This category includes one of the best lines of plaster mixes. These are special blends with the best decorative possibilities. Such plaster can be finished or powder. In the second case, the master has the opportunity to implement the design idea. Especially advanced finishers sometimes make unusual types of plastering material from the classic putty.
To the ordinary buyer, trade marks are offered to make work easier. On sale you can find mother-of-pearl, Italian, Viennese and French plasters. Remarkable roller texture, latex plastic, wet silk … Each mass differs in color, effect and method of application.
For example, in order for Versailles plaster to be transferred correctly, it is sprayed after drying with silver paint. Venetian is applied in several thin layers. When applying each layer, alternate tiny portions of the plaster mass, stretching them into each other.
One of the fashionable designs is the craquelure technique. (crack effect with a glimpse of the main tone). "Bark beetle" conveys the texture of wood, sharpened by a beetle. "Fur coat" obtained by rolling with a pile roller on a fresh plaster surface.
To add texture, you can use different techniques. Rollers wrapped in cellophane, crumpled newspaper, nails, fingers, special plastic trowels and trowels are appropriate. The best decoration for such surfaces is stucco molding over the cladding.
Facade
This category includes compositions for exterior wall decoration. They differ from their internal counterparts in resistance to all weather factors. As a rule, their structure is not destroyed by frost, gusts of wind, precipitation, ultraviolet radiation. These are particularly durable types of plastering material. Their main criterion for demand is durability.
However, these types of material are particularly demanding in the choice of base. Options for cellular and lightweight bricks will not withstand heavy compounds. They will not even be able to level such a base, because cement-sand or cement-lime masses can cause deformation of such coatings. Externally, the plaster coating will begin to peel away from the base, and will be covered with cracks.
Acoustic
Acoustic plaster is a special mixture whose task is to reduce noise. Previously, such material was used mainly in the decoration of industrial workshops, as well as cinemas and concert halls. Today, this raw material is indispensable in cases of curvilinear architectural forms. They completely replace acoustic systems where it is impossible to make them due to the structural features of the structure.
These varieties are applicable for decorating rooms with resonance. Typically, this is wall decoration in rooms with floor tiles or marble. Such options differ from the basic composition by the inclusion of pumice, expanded clay, slag, perlite or vermiculite. The density of the mass with an acoustic effect varies between 500 and 1300 kg / m3.
However, it is undesirable to paint or whitewash such plaster: this reduces the level of sound insulation.
Heat shielding
Such options for plaster raw materials prevent heat loss. They isolate the room or communications. The composition may include granular polystyrene foam, hydromica or perlite, which is a mineral of volcanic origin. These varieties are called warm in the language of the builders.
A characteristic feature of such compositions is their low weight with a significant volume. The heat-protective plaster itself is light, it is able to maintain the desired microclimate inside the room. Due to this, the need for additional insulation of facade surfaces with mineral wool or expanded polystyrene often disappears. The texture of the material is pleasant to work with.
Waterproofing
Waterproofing plaster mix - a material based on waterproof polymers. Such options are used to protect buildings from moisture and steam. They are relevant in the decoration of bathrooms, combined bathrooms, balconies … In addition, moisture-resistant waterproofing on Suitable for work in basements, insulating walls of swimming pools, baths and saunas from moisture.
Let's apply this material where the plastered surface is exposed to hydraulic loads from constant contact with water. The binder of such plaster is polyurethane or acrylic based resins, as well as epoxy analogues.
An interesting technique for enhancing adhesion and increasing water-repellent properties during surface treatment is the application method. Such solutions are applied by means of a thinning gun.
The difference in quality: where is it used?
According to the technological map, plaster can be made in 3 versions, which explain its quality characteristics. The method of application depends on this.
The craftsmen divide work with plaster into 3 stages:
- splatter (base layer for plaster);
- priming (trimming layer);
- cover (topcoat).
Simple
Such a solution can be applied in 1 layer with or without grinding in non-residential premises. No cover required here. Additional layers are not needed: the coating is ground immediately after the application of the mass. To do this, use a plastic grater. The process is far from simply smearing the material on the wall.
The cement-lime mixture is stretched without beacons, leveled with the rule … The maximum layer thickness can be up to 2 cm. The texture of such compositions can be rough, but always smooth.
Improved
Such a mass is applied in 3 layers (includes spray, soil and cover), using in residential and non-residential premises. The consistency of the first is more liquid, so it is necessary to enhance adhesion. Wherein layer thickness should not exceed 0.5 cm.
The main load is applied to the soil layer. Its thickness can reach 1 cm, but not more: you need to leave it for the third layer.
If you initially plan a thick layer, you cannot do without a reinforcing mesh. A composition based on gypsum, lime is suitable.
High quality
This variety differs from the previous ones in the identity of all layers. It is characterized by the accuracy of the work carried out. These are polymer mixtures with installation on beacons. In the classical method of work, they are fixed by level and cord, achieving vertical and horizontal accuracy. This is the best variety for interior wall decoration.
The technology includes 3 stages (spraying, soil and covering). Typically, lime-based formulations are not used for such work. Grinding is carried out using a metal spatula or a trowel.
The main difference from all types is the size of the permissible deviations in quality control.
Tools
Working with plaster requires a certain inventory. In each case, it may differ, depending on the type of material used.
The basic kit includes:
- mixing container;
- construction mixer with a special attachment;
- container for a set;
- spraying tool (hopper, spray gun);
- trowel or trowel;
- rule;
- guides;
- trowel;
- level;
- roulette;
- a tool for forming a pattern.
In addition, you may need lighthouses, a grinder or metal scissors, a Phillips screwdriver, drills, a hammer and a hammer drill.
Application
You can use plaster in the construction and decoration of structures of any type. Its use is appropriate for work in multi-apartment and private (country and country) houses. To understand what kind of mass is needed, it is worth starting from the conditions in which the operation of the material is planned.
It will be useful for industrial facilities, new buildings, as well as public buildings:
- clinics, hospitals;
- pools, baths, saunas;
- administrative institutions;
- hotels, clubs, cafes;
- cinemas, studios;
- educational centers;
- gyms;
- educational institutions (kindergartens, schools, institutes).
On the market, such products have their own classification. To save time on studying the assortment, it is worth deciding in advance on the type of surface and choosing the right material. Sellers will always tell you which vapor-proof mixture is better, explain the subtleties of products with sawdust, the differences in grain size. They will definitely focus on the best qualities of the product, especially if the plaster is refractory, cork, X-ray protective or bulk.
Almost always, the special properties of the finished mixture and its special effect are noted. Such material gives a lot of design possibilities. It is comparable to a canvas, on which you can convey the inner world through curly lines or paintings due to the material of different shades. The basis for the images is a smooth type of finished surface. This is the finish.
Wall decoration with plaster will be durable if you choose it correctly according to the type of base. In some cases, it must be vapor-permeable, and sometimes, on the contrary, vapor-tight.
Brick
Depending on the type of work (internal or external), brick walls need to be plastered with different materials. The correct type of raw material is cement-sand based mixtures.… Indoors, you can use a variety with an admixture of lime.
Maximum permissible layer thickness is 3 cm … Under the plaster, a mesh-netting should be fastened. Due to it, the solution will better adhere to the surface.
When adding lime, you need to take not the dry component, but the lime dough. Finishing facing bricks is a little tricky. The usual chain-link is not always effective here, so you have to select the reinforcing mesh very carefully. Besides, you need to prime the surface before applying the solution.
The main composition of the mixture is sand, cement, lime paste and water for dilution.
Concrete
The surface of the concrete base can be smooth or rough. In the first case, to enhance adhesion, it is necessary to treat it with a primer with quartz chips. A cement-based mixture with the addition of gypsum is used as a plaster.… Its inclusion enhances adhesion.
For interior decoration, you can use a composition of 3-4 parts of lime and 1 part of gypsum.stirring it with a lime liquid.
If the walls are rough, there is no need for complex preparation. The plaster will fit well on them and will hold better. For wall decoration outside, it is better to use cement varieties. It is also possible to process wall ceilings inside with plaster material.
To enhance adhesion and make the structure homogeneous, it is better to treat the walls in front of the plaster with a primer with a high penetrating ability ("Betonokontakt").
Wood
A wooden house needs special attention when decorating walls. The mass should protect the wood from rotting, mold formation. In addition, it must resist the effects of rodents and termites. Plastering a house from a bar can be carried out a year after construction … You need to wait for the end of the shrinkage process. Facade plastering is usually performed with a lime-cement composition.
Besides, use compositions with clay … Of all the varieties, it is more suitable for high humidity conditions, compatible with any temperature conditions in the region. Partitions are trimmed mainly with a lime-gypsum composition. Gypsum analog is suitable exclusively for interior decoration … It cannot be called the best; at high humidity it exfoliates from the base.
To enhance the decorative effect, after drying, the plastered surface is treated with CMC glue or wax mastic.
GVL
Plastering gypsum fiber sheets is necessary for sealing and leveling the tile joints. It allows you to enhance the adhesion of the base of gypsum fiber board to the finishing materials applied to them. This is also necessary to equalize the absorbency of drywall. For this use dry plaster mixes on a gypsum and polymer basis and ready-made analogs from polymers.
The fraction of the filler grains can be different. It depends on the type of filler used. The layer can fill only the microrelief or it can be used as a starting leveling agent. Pulling the putty is carried out in such a way that the seam is almost invisible. Usually the layer thickness does not exceed 1 mm.
The life cycle of the material is limited, so the plaster needs to be applied quickly.
For wallpaper, painting, tiles
Finishing materials are used to prepare the base for further finishing. The plaster for painting must be fine-grained … These are compositions based on gypsum or polymers. In fact, this is the base in the form of a volumetric plaster that is painted. This decorative technique looks unusual, but it allows you to update the background of the wall ceilings and mask the correction if you have to dismantle the damaged area.
Typically, water-based paint is used for such coatings. The dried wall is painted with a roller, rolling it over the entire area. If you need to give the painted surface a light touch of vintage, the protruding points are sprayed with a sponge with silver coating.
Varieties for wallpaper - plaster compositions with a pleasant texture … They allow for subtle finishes. In rare cases, its thickness reaches 5 mm.
If the percentage of humidity in the room is high, cement mortar must be used instead of gypsum-based materials.
It is not afraid of moisture and dampness, it is a universal wall leveling device. However, if the fractions in its composition are large, after such plaster it is necessary to use a putty (for example, oil or acrylic).
Classic cement mortars are used under the tiles. in bags. It is easier for a common man to recognize them by the mark "tile adhesive". Outwardly, it is a gray loose mass that needs to be diluted with water. The granularity of the mixture depends on the sand. The consistency is selected according to the indicated marking. The composition should not drain from the walls.
In order to avoid the rejection of the material from the walls, the formation of cracks, the craftsmen add PVA glue to it.
On other surfaces
In addition to traditional materials, today plaster is bought for wall decoration from:
- aerated concrete;
- foam concrete;
- penoplex;
- expanded polystyrene;
- OSB boards;
- gas silicate blocks.
It is rarely used to decorate adobe walls. The tongue-and-groove blocks from which the structure is built do not need to be plastered. It is believed that there is enough putty for them, and the surface is already even, smooth. Other options are more suitable for accentuating small areas than monolithic coatings around the perimeter. Penoplex plaster should be light.
The colored mixture is made on an acrylic base with the addition of marble chips. It is good for finishing mineral surfaces. Differs in water-repellent properties and structure hardness. The assortment includes about 15 different shades, including beige, coral, terracotta, pink, mustard and turquoise. This material is intended for indoor and outdoor use. It should be applied exclusively on a dry surface with a thin layer.
Roller mix of natural origin is good for finishing the walls of facades.… Here you can also use DSP (for example, when working with siding). Types based on cement and sand are good for eliminating obvious potholes and chips, curved walls in a private or apartment building.
Suitable for different types of material latex plastic. It is used for interior decoration of traditional floor materials (concrete, brick, wood), as well as drywall, aerated concrete, foam blocks … This material is resistant to deformation. Due to its elasticity, it does not crack, it differs in the texture of marble.
Metal - not the best type of base for plastering. If the question of application is fundamental, one cannot do without welding the netting of the chain-link. This will help the plaster adhere better. Other ways of working are ineffective. Using a primer will not prevent the surface from cracking and flaking from the metal base.
Clay walls are plastered outside with lime mortars … Cement options are not suitable here. They will crumble due to their severity. Interior decoration can be done with a plaster mix. Clay can be white, red, gray and yellow. The reinforcing component of the mixture is sawdust. Due to them, the composition becomes more reliable.
Decorating
Decorative techniques when working with plaster are different. This is not a simple spreading on the wall, but giving volume, relief, a way of introducing uniqueness into the decoration. Many types of raw materials provide for decoration, but it is different everywhere. In one case, this is the initial execution of the pattern with the help of a special tool, in the other - the alternating alternation of layers of different colors. Sometimes even the mass is painted after giving the surface of the pattern.
Each method depends on the creative capabilities of the master and the skills of working with such masses. Sometimes the surface is trimmed by sanding after each applied layer. Otherwise, it is important to leave the relief intact. Some types of coatings have to be coated with varnish, diluted half with water. It cannot be used in its pure form. From this, the surface loses its status appearance.
The best decorating technique is painting with plaster.… Outwardly, this drawing is on the same level as the main background. Only masters with artistic skills can do this. Such paintings look like inserts in the interior of rooms that open the veil into the past. Their creation is a complex process.
The master selects several tones of the same color, which differ in the degree of saturation. The topic can be anything. but more often designers give preference to fragments of existence from ancient historical eras … These are dilapidated cities, sculptures.
An unusual type of decoration is the creation of relief. For this, several methods are used. If you need an identical pattern, use stencils or anti-patterns.… When a master has the skills of sculpting, he creates masterpieces with a small trowel, gaining weight on it and distributing it over the finished and dried finish.
This technique allows you to get a three-dimensional effect with the theme of floral motives and antique sculptures.
Do you need preparation?
The answer is unequivocal - yes. Whatever composition is planned to be used, it is the preparation that enhances its operational properties. This is not a publicity stunt for trade marks to buy excess raw materials. Modern materials will strengthen the base, make its structure homogeneous.
The process consists of several stages:
- inspection of the base;
- removing the old coating;
- removal of bumps;
- priming;
- masking cracks, chips, pits.
Inspection shows the amount of work to be done, the amount and type of required raw materials, the choice of inventory. The old coating must be removed, because it can move away from the base … If fatty spots are found on examination, they must be removed. Not a single type of plaster will stick to them. Dirt and rust must be removed.
The primer does not only strengthen the walls. If you choose the right type of material, it will become the glue that holds the mass for many years. Masters have repeatedly noticed that its use seems to attract the solution. It does not drip or smear during operation. In addition, the absorbency of the walls is reduced due to the primer.
This affects the drying time of the plaster. The master has additional minutes to correct or complete the pattern. In this way, you can reduce the number of visible joints with a lack of experience.… However, until the primer is completely dry, you cannot apply the mass to the walls.
After plastering, the primer is applied only if it is rough (for example, under the wallpaper).
Manufacturers
In the modern construction market, a wide range of plaster raw materials is presented to the attention of the buyer. Trademarks often focus on specific types of material without covering the entire spectrum. This allows us to improve the quality of products, their demand among buyers and the high appraisal of professionals in the construction industry.
The rating of popular companies includes:
- Knauf;
- Vetonit;
- Ceresit;
- Bergauf;
- Unis;
- VGT;
- "Prospectors";
- "Reference".
Each produced material differs from the analogue of another manufacturer. Masters include Knauf, Ceresit and Unis among the top three … Their assortment is not satisfactory. The products of the company "Starateli" were marked, among other things, by negative customer reviews.
The reasons for negative comments about different types of plaster mixtures left on construction forums lie in the presence of fake products. Masters note that even in large retail outlets, you can buy a fake. The packaging is sometimes made at a professional level, which does not give rise to doubts about the fake of the goods.
However, there is a way out: you need a certificate of quality and compliance with generally accepted standards.
So that the quality of the fake does not become the reason for the marriage, you must first scroll through the information on the World Wide Web. You can visit the manufacturer's official website and ask online about its official suppliers. Usually, companies provide the buyer with comprehensive information. In addition, you can always study the reviews of buyers and craftsmen.
Place in the interior
Plastering materials are changing the prevailing stereotypes today. They are in the center of attention of designers, recognized as a unique finish, appropriate in different rooms of the dwelling. With their help, you can give a zest to any branch of the style. They are harmonious in decorating classic trends, relevant when decorating modern, ethnic and vintage trends, and are popular in creative design.
Belonging to a certain style is transmitted through texture and color. For ecological interior compositions, this is naturalness, a demonstration of wood texture … For example, you can finish using the bark beetle technique.
It is important for classics to show luxury coupled with gilding … Layering is not needed here: the main focus in such areas is furniture. However, imitation of stucco molding as a selection of one of the functional areas is quite possible.
Vintage trends clearly demonstrate the Venetian and Versailles varieties. In the first case, the surface is smooth and resembles marble in texture.
Versailles has a slight relief. Light silvering followed by varnishing makes the background wall decoration special. Modern style prefers gloss.
The facade needs simplicity and some roughness. Its typical representative is textured plaster under a fur coat. The "lamb" also looks good. The same rules apply for extraordinary solutions (eg loft, grunge). It is not necessary to level the surface to a smooth finish.
These styles need a concrete, lime-like finish with a rough texture. Such plaster looks great against the background of brick or masonry. The main thing here is to convey the atmosphere of an industrial facility with a separate inhabited island.
The rougher the coating, the better. You can trim a column, ledge, partition, a small part of the wall or one plane.
Beautiful examples
In conclusion, you can take a closer look at examples of decorating walls with plaster. Techniques for decorating different rooms of an apartment or house convey different emotional perceptions.
Living room in fresh colors looks stylish. An unusual muted color harmoniously matches the color of curtains and furniture
Accent wall of the recreation area. The use of sandy color and rough texture is smoothed out by the white tone of the ceiling and partition
Highlighting the walls in front of the kitchen entrance. The embossed texture brings a special mood to the space, goes well with the laconicism of the overall design
Decorating with glossy elements allows you to reveal the possibilities of Venetian plaster. The combination of pearl walls with beige furniture is the focus of attention today
Reception of using plaster with imitation of stone to highlight the guest space. Against the background of the glossy texture of the floor, the coating looks especially expressive
Design for a studio layout. Using a matte light gray texture for one of the walls. Accentuating the guest area
Craquelure technique together with an artistic sketch made of plaster to match the base. A successful choice of shade of material is revealed against the background of light furniture in the living room
Plaster with imitation of brickwork looks impressive. It will radically change the attitude towards this material. The design is expressive against the background of the complex ceiling design
For information on how to plaster walls on lighthouses, see the next video.
