Happy owners of a loggia often think about how to make a cozy corner out of this additional room in an apartment for a comfortable pastime at any time of the year. The easiest task to repair a loggia is to install the floor. In order to save money, you can do the process yourself. What should be the floor on the loggia? Getting started, you should rely on several criteria:
- Resistant to temperature changes.
- Warm and pleasant to the feet surface.
- Ease of use.
- The lightness of the materials used for installation.
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Preliminary work
Before considering flooring options, you need to prepare the floor for finishing. This procedure involves the following steps:
- We remove the old screed, paint, linoleum, tiles, as well as unnecessary things from the loggia.
- We eliminate foci of dampness or decay.
- We plug the cracks through which rain and snow seep.
- We spray with a building agent against fungi.
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Sequence of operations
- Waterproofing. We cover the surface with a special film or cover it with waterproof plaster.
- Thermal insulation. Mineral wool, penoplex, polystyrene, that is, any materials with a low coefficient of thermal conductivity are suitable here.
- Leveling the surface. In the presence of small defects, it is customary to use a self-leveling mixture. Large flaws can be leveled with a screed, or logs can be installed under the wooden flooring, which are cross beams made of hardwood. As a rule, the floor level of the living area and the loggia is different, in view of this, with the help of the lag, we raise the floor on the loggia to the required level. In addition, if there is a need to raise the floor by 20 cm, a layer of expanded clay will allow this.
- Primer. This agent increases the strength of the subfloor and promotes better adhesion to the floor covering. For a wooden surface, it is customary to use an alkyd or polystyrene primer, a concrete base is treated with an epoxy variety, applying it two or three times.
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Finishing options
Painting
The most elementary technique, appropriate for any kind of loggia. It is best to buy paint, in which the main component is acrylic, polyurethane or epoxy. This option is characterized by resistance to atmospheric influences. To prevent paint from getting on the walls, you should use masking tape.
Wood
First of all, we form a frame from the beams, resembling a box and additionally strengthen one beam in the middle of the structure. To ensure a long service life of the floor, coating its surface with varnish will help. The next step is to sew the bars together using self-tapping screws and corners, and then, using dowel-nails, we attach the frame to the concrete base. Then we will lay the boards perpendicular to the lags and fix them.
If the wood is of poor quality, it should be processed and covered with linoleum. Due to the fact that the tree is light, not only a loggia, but also a semi-loggia can be decorated with it.
Ceramic tile
To avoid injury, it is best to lay tiles with a rough surface. To carry out this work, you must stock up on the following materials:
- Ceramic tile.
- Building level.
- Tile cutter.
- Mortar: cement or adhesive.
- Cross-shaped beacons.
It is better to lay out the tiles from the door or from the corner from which you can see only the whole details of the finish. Using a spatula, spread the mortar over the inside of the subfloor and the back of the tile. The distance from one tile to another should be the same, in order to achieve this, we install cross-shaped beacons. We lay the tiles according to the building level. After finishing the procedure, you need to hide the seams under a layer of putty.
Porcelain stoneware
This type of coating is characterized by durability and strength, resistance to abrasion and scratches, it is not afraid of changes in temperature and humidity. In addition, the color palette of the material is very wide, which gives endless possibilities to designers.
Cork floor
It has become widespread today. There are several varieties of it:
- Technical plug … Most often it plays the role of a substrate for a different type of coating, insulates and insulates. It is produced in rolls or plates, much less in granules. They can be used to fill holes in floors or gaps between floors.
- Adhesive. It is a rectangular tile, decorated with decorative veneer on top, which is covered with polymer. Its color can be both natural and imitating marble or granite.
- Floating. It has the same structure as the previous version, but differs from it in the method of installation: as in a puzzle, the plates are interconnected by grooves, without glue.
Self-leveling floor 3D
This is a unique solution, which is a seamless surface in three parts: base, volumetric pattern and finishing coat.
The properties of such a floor:
- Not afraid of scratches.
- Resistant to moisture.
- Strength.
- Aesthetics.
- Practicality.
- Durability.
- Just take care of him.
Such a floor is easy to make with your own hands. Initially, it is necessary to fill the floor with a liquid base of light or neutral color. Then use a roller to cover with paint. After that, apply a second layer of paint, it can be in other colors. And finally, stick the drawing purchased in the store.
Linoleum
This coating has gained popularity for a very long time, it allows you to make repairs in a short time and save the family budget. The characteristics of such material include
- Reliability.:
- Softness.
- Strength.
- Practicality.
- Moisture resistance.
- It's warm.
However, it is worth remembering that linoleum is vulnerable to mechanical stress (for example, the pressure of heavy objects) and deforms if laid on an uneven surface. To lay linoleum yourself, you need several tools:
- Hammer.
- Nails.
- Knife.
First, unfold the material and spread it out carefully. During installation, the coating should be leveled in order to avoid defects and bumps. Fix the linoleum to the surface with regular or liquid nails. After completing the process, it is necessary to fix the covering with a plinth of a suitable color.
Laminate
It is a widespread, environmentally friendly material at an affordable price. In appearance it resembles parquet and has a number of useful properties:
- Serves for many years.
- Strength.
- Practicality.
- Easy to assemble.
- Nice appearance.
On the eve of laying, the coating, as usual, is allowed to lie down in a warm room for about two days.
For installation, you will need a number of tools:
- Hammer.
- Saw.
- Roulette.
- Clamp.
- Square.
- Wedges.
- Pencil.
- A block of wood.
It is accepted to lay the laminate only on a perfectly flat surface. Secure the wedges against the wall and threshold. Start the procedure from the side opposite the door. Installation can be done diagonally, along or across. For greater reliability, shift each new row by at least forty centimeters.
Between the material and the wall, it is necessary to provide a place for the plinth, this distance should be equal to about ten millimeters. Next, you need to connect the laminate plates to each other using locks, which are equipped with each coating element.
There are three types of locks:
- Connection in the "constructor" way. Raise the finished row of laminate and attach another piece to it. The resulting strips of plates are fastened together.
- Tamping connection. The elements are fixed in length, after which they need to be knocked out in order to connect in width.
- Connection by means of a plastic insert, it fixes the plate in width.
Parquet
Appeared before laminate flooring and has similar technical properties. This coating must certainly have a protective layer (paint or varnish). Installation of a parquet floor must be carried out at a temperature not lower than 18 degrees. On the eve of the process, the coating must be unpacked and left to rest for a long time, at least a week.
Parquet can be laid in several ways:
- Floating. Parquet boards are fixed by the joint, special ridges and grooves are cut out, this technique does not involve the use of glue.
- Bonding to the base. Here, plywood flooring is required, the laying takes place with glue and a spatula. It is worth considering carefully the choice of glue, it should contain less than fifty percent of water. At the end of the installation, a technical break of 5-7 days should be made.
- Installation to the wooden floor with nails.
Plywood sheets are attached to the base with self-tapping screws. It is very important to leave a distance of about 1.2 centimeters between the parquet and the wall, treating it with a sealant or polyurethane foam.
Carpet
Nowadays, you can buy this covering with a pile of any quality, color and length. For a floor on a glazed warm loggia, the best option would be a carpet made of artificial materials, laid on linoleum, parquet or wooden floor. For work, you need a roller and a special knife, which in appearance resembles a sewing machine. There are five techniques for laying carpet, but for the floor on the loggia it is best to limit yourself to two of them:
- Free styling. The most elementary method, according to which the carpet is simply laid on the floor, similar to a carpet or carpet, after which, using scissors at an angle of 90 degrees, they make notches in the form of the letter V, then cut off the perimeter.
- Stretch method. This method is carried out by means of narrow slats - grippers, from which spikes stick out at an angle of 45 degrees. On both sides of the planks, the points are directed oppositely. For installation they buy "gripper" carpet and grippers are selected for it.