Concrete Sealant: Application For Filling Expansion Joints, Joint Sealant For Concrete Floors, Repair And Sealing Of A Septic Tank From The Inside

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Concrete Sealant: Application For Filling Expansion Joints, Joint Sealant For Concrete Floors, Repair And Sealing Of A Septic Tank From The Inside
Concrete Sealant: Application For Filling Expansion Joints, Joint Sealant For Concrete Floors, Repair And Sealing Of A Septic Tank From The Inside

Video: Concrete Sealant: Application For Filling Expansion Joints, Joint Sealant For Concrete Floors, Repair And Sealing Of A Septic Tank From The Inside

Video: Concrete Sealant: Application For Filling Expansion Joints, Joint Sealant For Concrete Floors, Repair And Sealing Of A Septic Tank From The Inside
Video: How to Apply Expansion Joint sealant 2024, March
Anonim

During the pouring of the concrete floor, special expansion joints are made to avoid cracking of the coating. They must be protected from dust and moisture. Manufacturers produce different products, so the question arises - what kind of sealant to seal the joints in concrete. This topic may also be of interest to those who carry out repairs, eliminating cracks in the concrete pavement.

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Purpose of expansion joints

Concrete is not a ductile material, so it can crack from temperature extremes, shrinkage or contact with any building structures. To avoid this, deformation slots are made.

They can have different purposes

  • Structural - separate areas that are flooded on different days. It is not always possible to fill the floor in the whole room in a day, therefore it dries unevenly, which can lead to cracks at the points of contact of different zones.
  • Shrinkage - needed to eliminate the effects of floor shrinkage after drying. For this, special grooves are made or inserts are used during pouring.
  • Insulating - they separate the screed from other structures of the building - walls, columns. Different materials can have their own operational characteristics, therefore, additional insulation is carried out between them so that excessive pressure in the joint zones does not act on the surface.
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Classification

Means for sealing joints can be divided into the following groups according to the method of exposure:

  • surface - create a protective film that excludes the contact of concrete with moisture;
  • penetrating - act deeper, close the pores from the inside and prevent moisture from penetrating into them.
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The composition of sealants intended for concrete may differ due to the active components.

Among the most common are the following:

  • acrylic - suitable for indoor use, give good adhesion;
  • polyurethane - create a stable protective layer due to the elasticity of the dried product;
  • thiokol - well tolerate temperature changes, chemical influences.
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Sealants can also have other active ingredients - silicone, bitumen, rubber.

Despite the difference in composition, these funds are subject to such requirements as:

  • high adhesion not only with concrete, but also with stone, brick, iron, glass;
  • the presence of water repellency;
  • resistance to sunlight;
  • the ability to withstand temperature extremes;
  • uncomplicated application.
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The formulations may already be ready-to-use, then they are called one-component. Some of them need to be premixed - these are two-component sealants.

Funds are classified according to a number of other criteria related to their properties:

  • type of hardening;
  • method of application;
  • elasticity index.
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All sealants used for concrete floors meet the general requirements that apply to them, but can be intended for indoor or outdoor use, have higher adhesion to certain materials or have other individual properties. Therefore, before starting work, you need to choose a suitable tool, taking into account the existing conditions.

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Acrylic

Acrylic sealant is better suited for interior work, since it is less resistant to temperature and humidity changes than others. In addition, it is the most environmentally friendly of all types of products. Most often, acrylic sealant is a one-component compound. It can be used during repairs to seal cracks in concrete and where certain areas do not require serious protection. It has good vapor permeability.

The product is easily diluted with water and poured into the hole, a smooth surface is formed on top. Until the moment of final solidification, the sealant can be easily washed off. It lends itself well, so it can be used to level and smooth joints between walls and the floor or ceiling.

Since there are no solvents in the composition, after hardening, the surface can be painted or varnished. Famous manufacturers include Stiz-A, Tektor and Ekorum.

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Polyurethane

These products are water resistant, they are used as joint sealants to ensure the strength and increase the durability of the screed. When applied, the product will not drain over the surface, but will immediately grab, therefore, a construction syringe is used to work with it. Due to their resistance to constant exposure to moisture and the ability to withstand significant temperature changes, such sealants can be used outdoors, for working with house facades and foundations. After application and hardening, the surface can be exposed to high mechanical stress. Polyurethane products withstand well contact with oils, acids, alkalis. Compositions can be one-component and two-component, but the latter are demanding on the dosage, they should be prepared exactly according to the instructions.

Among the manufacturers of polyurethane sealants, Rustil, Soudal, Sazilast stand out.

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Silicone

Such products provide the best protection against moisture. They are of two types - acidic and neutral, the first option is not suitable for concrete. During contact with an acidic sealant, the cement stone releases soluble salts, which deteriorate the surface quality and in the future can lead to corrosion, therefore, a neutral composition must be chosen. Many silicone products have antifungal components and can be used in places of constant exposure to aggressive substances, for example, to seal a septic tank from the inside to protect the joints of concrete rings.

When working, a preliminary priming of the surface is mandatory, since without this, the silicone agent will not give good adhesion. They do not contain solvents, are elastic, resistant to various influences. The material has dielectric properties. The well-known manufacturers are Avtogermesil and Tektor.

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Thiokol

This group of sealants is based on polysulfides, which are distinguished by their elasticity and high resistance to the effects of chemical components. Most of this type of sealant is a two-part sealant. After mixing, they turn into elastic rubbers that do not shrink. They are suitable for use in conditions of extreme temperature and contact with aggressive media. They protect the coating from dynamic and static deformation.

The manufacturer of thiokol sealants is the Sazilast company.

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Silane-modified

They are usually one-component, solvent-free and are therefore also suitable for protecting damp surfaces. Moreover, they can retain their properties even under water. Such products are elastic and adhere well to the surface. After finishing work, they can be covered with paint. They are compatible with bitumen. The sealants provide maximum adhesion almost immediately after application. They are more expensive than other types of sealants.

Popular manufacturers include Viladex and Sealant.

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The cost

The most affordable are acrylic compositions, prices for which start at 150 rubles per 1 kg. Two-component polyurethane ones cost from 172 rubles per 1 kg. Thiokol products cost from 192 rubles per 1 kg. Silane-modified sealants are produced in tubes, the price of one is from 695 rubles.

The exact cost depends on the manufacturer and the store in which the product is sold.

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Sealing

First you need to prepare the surface for work, since the adhesion strength depends on this. The concrete surface must be dry, clean, oil stains, traces of foreign substances, corrosion are not allowed. If the gap is narrow, it is first widened, and also treated with a primer and primer, although it is not needed for some types of sealants. After that, you can start sealing. One-component products do not need to be prepared, they can be applied immediately. Two-component sealants must be mixed according to the enclosed instructions, where the permissible proportions are indicated. You can add gasoline or white alcohol during preparation if you need to increase the fluidity of the solution.

A certain ratio is observed: 80 grams of solvent per 1 kg of sealant. For work, a container with a substance is inserted into a construction gun or a suitable application tool is selected - a brush or a spatula. It is necessary to evenly fill the gap along the entire length of the seam so that there are no voids and gaps. After application, the composition is leveled with a spatula previously moistened with soapy water. Excess must be removed immediately so that it does not harden. When applying two layers, they must be aligned in opposite directions.

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The curing speed depends on the composition of the product. Acrylic sealants set faster than others - in 15 minutes, they can be removed within an hour after application, while complete polymerization takes 2 weeks. Polyurethane products form a film in 1–2 hours, the total curing time is 7 hours per 1 mm of the finished layer. Calculations must be made based on the thickness. Thiokol sealants harden in a few hours, but when applied in a thick layer, the process can take about a day.

During the work and after completion, the room must be ventilated.

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For information on how the expansion joint is sealed in a concrete floor, see the next video.

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