Epoxy Glue: Two-component Universal "epoxy", Transparent Products With A Volume Of 70 Ml, How Long Does EDP Dry

Table of contents:

Epoxy Glue: Two-component Universal "epoxy", Transparent Products With A Volume Of 70 Ml, How Long Does EDP Dry
Epoxy Glue: Two-component Universal "epoxy", Transparent Products With A Volume Of 70 Ml, How Long Does EDP Dry

Video: Epoxy Glue: Two-component Universal "epoxy", Transparent Products With A Volume Of 70 Ml, How Long Does EDP Dry

Video: Epoxy Glue: Two-component Universal
Video: Six Alkalinity supplements, one certified ICP-MS analysis. | BRStv Investigates 2024, March
Anonim

One of the most used adhesives can rightfully be called epoxy. It is widely used both in everyday life and in industry. The key to its popularity lies in its high adhesion with the vast majority of building materials, the durability of gluing and the special strength of the hardened composition.

Image
Image

Features of the

Epoxy glue is a compound that is very much in demand among industrial workers and DIYers. Despite the fact that the modern construction market constantly offers consumers options for stronger joints, the demand for epoxy is not decreasing - it is still widely used where it is necessary to bond rigid materials.

As the name suggests, the main component of the substance is epoxy resin, to which a hardener is added. For the first time, epoxy resin appeared on the market in the 40s of the last century. Since then, the technology for making glue has undergone significant changes, modern gluing techniques and truly unique materials have been developed.

In the construction segment, you can find a variety of options for epoxy compositions that work in a significant temperature range and allow you to achieve a connection with increased strength and durability.

Image
Image

Both components are classified as low molecular weight polymers, when they are combined, the process of complete polymerization begins, in other words, small molecules combine into larger ones. In this case, polymerization takes place simultaneously throughout the entire composition, so we can safely say that the glue in the hardened state is a single huge polymer molecule. In this case, the resin acts as a mass-forming substance, and the hardener is responsible for the passage of the polymer reaction.

It is very important that both substances react strictly before the manufacture of the adhesive, since the curing of epoxy is an irreversible process that cannot be stopped and the resin cannot be returned to its original state.

In industry, polymerization can be accelerated or slowed down. In the first case, the temperature is increased, and in the second, on the contrary, it is lowered and the concentration of the hardener is also reduced.

Image
Image
Image
Image

Di- and polyamines and aminoamides are usually used as the main hardener., in addition, the desired effect can be achieved by adding modifiers (rubbers or organosilicon resins), anhydrides of various organic acids, some technologies provide for the connection of the resin with complexes of acidic Lewis solutions with ethers and amines.

The content of primary or secondary amines in the glue structure usually does not exceed 7-20% of the total resin volume, and the share of tertiary amines is much lower - no more than 5%. If you use higher concentrations of these components, then this can cause a chemical reaction, as a result of which polyesters are formed from the epoxy resin.

Image
Image
Image
Image

The characteristics required for use as an effective adhesive composition can be obtained by using maleic or phthalic anhydride, all other reagents are introduced into the glue in an amount not exceeding 0.85 mol for each mole of epoxy resin taken.

Sometimes dyes are added to the glue.

Image
Image
Image
Image

Epoxy adhesive has excellent adhesion to most types of surfaces. It adheres perfectly to surfaces made of metal, plastic, porcelain, as well as plaster, glass, wood and ceramics. Due to the liquefied consistency and uniform type of solidification, this composition is often used for impregnation of all kinds of fillers (sawdust, metal shavings, glass cloth, paper, etc.), as well as for repairs in everyday life, auto and aircraft construction, modeling and other industries.

A distinctive feature of epoxy glue is its water resistance, so the solution is widely used in waterproofing.

Image
Image
Image
Image

Glue is considered to be an excellent dielectric, which leads to its use in electrical engineering. It is noteworthy that at the end of hardening, the glue can be subjected to further processing, namely: grinding and painting, it can be drilled and even sawed. If necessary, pigments are introduced into the glue before hardening, this makes it possible to give the hardened layer the necessary properties. The production of epoxy compounds is carried out in accordance with the established GOST 10587-84.

Advantages and disadvantages

Image
Image
Image
Image

The combination of all the components included in the glue results in a composition with extremely high performance parameters.

There are several advantages of the glue

  • High temperature resistance - the glue can withstand heat up to 250 degrees without changing its user characteristics.
  • Frost resistance - the composition does not lose its consumer properties during regular frosts down to -20 degrees. The adhesion can also withstand one-time brief drops in temperature to a lower level, which is why glue is widely used for repair and installation of outdoor structures.
  • The glue seam does not collapse under the influence of adverse weather conditions, retains its strength in contact with aggressive substances of the gasoline and oil range.
  • Moisture resistance - gluing provides maximum sealing, and at the same time does not lose its physical and technical characteristics under the influence of moisture.
  • High adhesion to the vast majority of materials used in construction and finishing works and in everyday life. Epoxy can even bond iron to cement, not to mention such "undemanding" surfaces as plywood, plastic, glass and so on.
  • The glue does not decompose with regular exposure to all kinds of cleaning agents and other household chemicals.
  • In the solidified state, the composition is nevertheless somewhat elastic, so that in the event of displacement of parts, the connection does not break.
  • The adhesive is resistant to cracks and surface shrinkage.
Image
Image
Image
Image
Image
Image
Image
Image
Image
Image
Image
Image

However, the roster also has its drawbacks

  • To begin with, you should remember that epoxy glue is categorically unacceptable to use to create and repair things that in any way can come into contact with food, since even a small amount of substances, if ingested, can lead to poisoning.
  • Epoxy does not adhere polyethylene, teflon and silicone, moreover, the composition acts on these substances in a destructive way, changing its structure, shape and size.
  • The glue hardens very quickly - many consider this an advantage, however, in some situations, such a property is viewed more as a defect, since in the event of any deformations and errors in joining parts, it will no longer be possible to make changes. Therefore, a specialist with extensive experience should work with glue, who is able to do everything as required the first time.
  • If the glue gets on the skin, it will be quite problematic to wash it. Therefore, it is recommended to use protective gloves when working with the resin - this will minimize the risk of resin contact with the outer covers of a person's hands.
Image
Image
Image
Image

Views

Epoxy based adhesives can be classified according to three basic parameters: composition, final consistency, and cure type.

By structure

According to this parameter, the glue is divided into one- and two-component:

One-component epoxy has a transparent structure, it contains a liquid resin or a resinous solvent. The mixture is packaged in small tubes and does not require any special preparation before use. One-component adhesive is widely used for effective bonding of small parts, as well as for reliable sealing of joints of water pipes and all kinds of gaps

Most types of adhesives do not require preheating to cure effectively, but certain grades only “set” when exposed to high temperatures.

Image
Image
Image
Image

Two-component adhesive - This is the most common type of adhesive. This glue goes on sale in the form of a package of two tubes - the first contains the resin itself, and the second contains a hardener in a liquid or powder state. Before use, both components are poured together and mixed with a small spatula - the prepared composition must be applied to the surface for 60-120 seconds, otherwise the composition will harden and the necessary adhesive properties will be completely lost

Image
Image
Image
Image

By consistency

Epoxy glue goes on sale in the form of a paste or in a liquid state:

Liquid glue, as a rule, is squeezed out of the tube, its advantage is its economy and the ability to apply pointwise, this allows you to glue small parts. Such a composition can also be produced in syringes

In addition, the composition is sold ready for use, which means that it does not require any preliminary preparatory work, this saves both the time and effort of the master.

Image
Image
Image
Image

Paste is a plastic mass that resembles simple plasticine in texture. In order to use it in work, you should cut off a small piece, knead it and moisten it a little with ordinary water at room temperature, diluting it to the consistency of thick sour cream. The prepared composition must be applied to the base to be glued

Image
Image
Image
Image

By type of curing

According to this parameter, all types of glue differ in three options - their difference is due to the parameters of the base hardener in the glue structure:

Mixtures that include a thinned resin, aliphatic polyamide and various plasticizers can reach full hardening quite quickly, they can be dried within 1-3 days at a temperature of about 20 degrees. At the same time, the structuring of such compositions takes much longer. To increase the strength parameters, such glue brands are advised to additionally subject them to a slight heat treatment. By the way, the adhesion points, which freeze without the influence of temperatures, are distinguished by increased resistance to the effects of acid-base solutions

However, their strength deteriorates significantly with prolonged exposure to moisture, this is especially true when it comes to gluing wood and other hydrophilic materials.

Image
Image
Image
Image
  • Modified versions of epoxy have a solidification temperature range of +60 to 120 degrees, they are used to join metals, are characterized by impact strength, as well as increased resistance to oils, gasolines, liquid fuels and other organic solvents.
  • High-temperature, heat-resistant, extra strong composition - this category includes adhesives, for which maximum temperatures are needed to harden: from +140 to 300 degrees. Such compounds are distinguished by electrical insulating and heat-resistant parameters.
Image
Image
Image
Image

Manufacturers

Among the most popular brands of epoxy adhesives that are in high demand among consumers, a few can be distinguished.

Moment

"Moment" - this epoxy glue can be found in any hardware and hardware store at a very affordable price. Such a composition is realized in small tubes, the weight of which does not exceed 50 ml, as well as in bulk packages - such adhesives can be used many times.

Moment glue can be used for gluing a wide variety of substrates., it is realized in several versions: "second" - instantaneous action and "standard" - the period of hardening of which is about a day. And in fact, and in another case, the grip is strong and durable.

After opening the tube, the glue should be stored at a temperature not exceeding 25 degrees.

Image
Image

Contact

Glue "Contact" is the second most popular epoxy composition, which is optimal for repairing products operating in high humidity conditions - for example, for reliable sealing of joints of sewer and water pipes in a bathroom or kitchen, as well as for fixing light shelves in a shower room.

Such glue hardens rather quickly - in just a couple of minutes.

Image
Image
Image
Image
Image
Image

Cold welding

Cold welding - this subtype of epoxy glue glues metal surfaces in just a few seconds, and the degree of bonding in terms of its reliability is in no way inferior to the strength of heat treatment. When in contact with the glue, the corners of the metal sheets are not subject to deformation, in addition, thanks to the glue, it is possible to join together such alloys that are not subject to welding.

Image
Image

EPD

EDP is another popular epoxy grade that is used on a wide variety of surfaces, from porcelain to metal. Consumer reviews unambiguously distinguish this type of glue as optimal in terms of price - quality, and versatile in terms of scope. This glue has found use in everyday life, as well as for repairing vehicles, eliminating cracks in all types of plumbing, modeling and the like.

Users also note the high quality of the Class and Ultima epoxies.

Image
Image

Scope of application

Versatility of epoxy adhesives exceptional adhesion to a wide variety of substrates determines its use in a wide variety of industries and industry segments.

  • In construction, this composition is used to fix reinforced concrete bridges, as well as three-layer panels, glue is used to fix ceramic panels, join concrete with various metals, and the like.
  • In mechanical engineering, glue serves as an obligatory participant in the technological cycle in the manufacture of abrasive tools, as well as for technical equipment, fixing brake pads and the production of plastic elements for metal coatings. The glue is widely used for repairing a gas tank, as well as for performing body work, eliminating defects in the gearbox and any skins.
  • In the aircraft industry, using glue, it becomes possible to form glue-welded joints in the creation of aircraft, as well as for the creation of solar batteries and the formation of external and internal thermal protection.
  • In shipbuilding, adhesives are used to assemble fiberglass swimming devices, as well as to form reinforcement assemblies with increased loads and create a waterproof barrier. Adhesives are used to make coatings for hulls of boats and yachts with fiberglass reinforcement.
  • In addition, epoxy is used in radio and electrical engineering, in the manufacture of glass and other industries as a means for impregnation. The use of resins significantly increases the strength of the material and the quality of adhesion, and also creates moisture protection.
Image
Image
Image
Image

High melting point resins are used as reliable waterproofing of walls and floors in rooms with high humidity, such as swimming pools, baths and showers, as well as in basements and cellars.

The glue is truly indispensable for renovation and decoration, since solidifying, the resins get a relief and keep their shape perfectly, it can be sanded, sawed and cut, so you can give the composition the necessary shape and texture. I also use glue in needlework.

The reason for such popularity of epoxy is obvious - it is a consequence of the versatility of the glue, its availability in use, ease of use and high efficiency.

Image
Image
Image
Image

How long does it dry?

Separately, it is worth dwelling on the temperature regime, which withstands epoxy glue and maintains its physical and technical characteristics. Even for normal work with the material, it should be heated, the temperature of use is about 70 degrees.

The maximum allowable temperature for epoxy glue is 250 degrees, and the minimum is at around -20. Such resistance to heat and frost has become one of the main reasons why a composition based on epoxy resins is used not only in everyday life, but also in construction, industry, aircraft and ship modeling.

Image
Image

Usually, epoxy dries for about a day, but the speed of hardening largely depends on the correctness of the glue preparation technology. Before starting work, it is very important to understand well how to dilute the resin and all the additional components available in its structure so that the resulting composition meets all the required technical standards.

As a rule, the resin is quite thick, so it is not easy to mix it with the hardener., for a start, put the tube in a container with hot water, while making sure that the liquid does not come into contact with the resin. After heating, you can begin to dissolve the glue - while the proportions of resin and hardener used, as a rule, are indicated on the packaging and are 5 to 1 for some products, and 10 to 1 for others.

If the recommended proportions are not observed, then the hardening period increases significantly, and the adhesion strength, on the contrary, decreases.

Image
Image
Image
Image

Advice

Any contact with epoxies must follow the safety regulations. The standard precautions will be the use of protective masks with charcoal filters to keep out hazardous vapors.

People with increased skin sensitivity are advised to wear rubber gloves, however, they can be worn in any case, since the glue that gets on the skin is very difficult to clean.

All work should be done outdoors or in a well-ventilated area.

Image
Image
Image
Image

Do not leave the glue open, as it emits volatile substances that can harm the health of children and adults.

Avoid getting glue in your eyes. If this happens, seek qualified medical help, as it is impossible to wash off the glue from the eye on your own.

Glue should not be used to repair products that will come into contact with food, otherwise resins and solvents will enter the body, which often leads to poisoning.

The following video will tell you more about the use of epoxy glue.

Recommended: