Recently, more and more country houses in Russia are being built from a bar. They are built quickly, look nice from the outside, and their cost is much lower than that of brick buildings. However, houses of this type have one significant drawback - during the first few years, the walls from the timber shrink, from which the heat saving rates fall and the house needs to be insulated as soon as possible.
How best to do this and what points you should pay special attention to, you can find out by reading the article to the end.
Features of the
Before starting the process of insulating a house from a bar from the inside, it is necessary to invite a specialist for a visual inspection and further consultations. He will be able to analyze the general condition of walls, floors, ceilings and ceilings. In order for the conclusions to be complete and true, you should examine the log house not only from the inside, but also from the outside. Based on the inspection results, you will receive a professional recommendation - perhaps the house needs to be re-caulked or it needs to be insulated with insulating materials.
Insulating sheets must be environmentally friendly, does not contain and does not emit substances harmful to humans … Particular attention must be paid to the fire resistance of the insulation. The material should not only not ignite from exposure to an open flame, but moreover, extinguish the fire.
It is advisable to change the insulation as rarely as possible, but if this happens, then the laying technology should be simple even for a beginner in the construction business.
How can you insulate?
Insulating a log house with mineral wool, you get an insulator, the distinctive features of which are low thermal conductivity and almost perfect sound insulation. Minvata meets all fire safety requirements, withstands temperature drops, and is inexpensive. Of the shortcomings, one can single out the complexity of laying - the mineral wool must be laid in a thick layer, otherwise condensation can be allowed to form. It is better to work with such material in a special suit and using a respirator, since mineral wool can cause discomfort when it comes into contact with the skin.
Ecowool surpasses mineral wool in its useful properties. Moreover, this material is recommended for use due to its environmental friendliness, as well as durability, even in the worst conditions. But the most important positive feature of ecowool is vapor permeability, which allows you to preserve the thermal insulation qualities of the material when it gets wet. Due to the fact that this material is made from waste paper waste, its installation is very specific and requires the obligatory involvement of specialists.
Polyurethane is nowadays considered the most effective insulation. Due to its special porous structure, its thermal conductivity is minimal. It is used for insulating not only vertical, but also inclined surfaces by spraying, which excludes the formation of "cold bridges". Polyurethane is vapor-tight, therefore, for its full use in the house, it is necessary to equip a ventilation system.
Penofol, or foil insulation, is used to insulate not only walls, but also pipes … It is produced in rolls, convenient for storage and transportation. Thermal insulation is carried out through the use of foamed polyethylene foam. It is due to the use of foil, which is an almost ideal heat reflector, that it turns out to keep heat in the premises for a long time.
Foam insulation is the easiest and fastest way to solve the problem. The material is distinguished from many other analogs by its excellent sound insulation; when it fires, it, as a rule, dies out by itself. It is easy to work with, but it is not so expensive compared to other materials. However, there are many disadvantages of foam: it is simply adored by all kinds of rodents and it is permeable to water, which negatively affects the service life.
Wall insulation technology
If you correctly understand the basic principles and remember the elementary laws of physics, then it will be quite easy to insulate the walls from laminated veneer lumber with your own hands and mount reinforcing structures.
The thermal insulation properties of a bar with a section of 150x150 can be considered insufficient for a full-fledged comfortable living in a house in the cold season. If you do not have the ability to align wooden walls, then clapboarding of surfaces and partitions is an ideal way to insulate rooms and give the walls a decent look.
Not the most expensive option would be to insulate the walls with drywall, which can be used together with other materials, for example, with mineral wool. When using such a combination, heat loss falls by almost a third.
But no matter what material or method of insulation is chosen, the sequence of actions and stages remains approximately the same, and will include the following stages.
Training
The first step is to remove the finish, wallpaper, and accumulated dirt from the walls. Cleaning and washing of all vacated premises and their surfaces is carried out. Then the walls of the timber are treated with a septic tank that protects the tree from the effects of mold and insects. Besides, it is recommended to treat the walls with a special compound that reduces the level of flammability of the material.
All wiring running along the walls is separated from them and temporarily removed. Do not forget about precautions when working with electrical wiring and other communications. After completion of the work, all wires will need to be returned to their place.
Treatment
At this stage, carried out inside the house, you should carefully walk through all the rooms and close absolutely all cracks, even the smallest ones, with a special jute fiber. In this way, the outer walls need to be finished every 2-3 years, and the inner ones only when the insulation is replaced.
Vapor barrier
Vapor barrier is carried out in order to avoid the accumulation of condensate after laying the insulation, due to which the timber is subjected to rotting … Therefore, if the walls are planned to be insulated with mineral wool or polystyrene, then the first step is to install a vapor barrier film, and then the insulation of your chosen brand.
Lathing
After laying the vapor barrier film, it is necessary to build a frame on which the insulating material will subsequently be held. For the lathing of a log house, it is best to use bars with a cross section of 50 by 50 millimeters. Wall insulation by spraying is much more profitable, because it saves time and effort - in this case, you do not need to deal with wall lathing.
Insulation laying
The insulation is placed in a space bounded by blocks, and then fixed with a dense thread - it stretches from one bar to another and holds the material, or special glue. The insulation is laid in such a way that there are absolutely no gaps between it and the grating. Particular attention should be paid to securing the top and side edges of the insulation material. And only after that you can proceed to the last stage and complete the work.
Finishing
After the insulation is laid and properly secured, the wall is sewn up with drywall. Prior to that, experts recommend laying another layer of vapor barrier on the insulation. Then the surfaces are decorated and decorated depending on the tastes and preferences of the owner of the house.
How to mount to floor and ceiling?
According to experts, almost 30 percent of the heat leaves the room through the floor or ceiling, so the issue of insulating these parts of the house is especially acute for homeowners. The banal law of physics works here - warm air always strives upward, and cold air descends downward. And if the attic of the house is not insulated, then the warm air will constantly cool down. Besides, due to the temperature difference, condensation can form, or even real icicles that will hang over your head.
The ceiling can and should be insulated both inside and outside. Therefore, it is worth sacrificing a little the usable area of the attic and laying the insulation on the rafters. You will also have to lower the height of the ceiling in the room, but this loss will be insignificant - the insulation material will not take more than 20 mm.
Insulation technology is not so complicated … First of all, a wooden frame is assembled, in which, in turn, the selected and most suitable insulation material is placed. A waterproofing film is laid next. The insulation itself is fixed with glue and dowels.
After the reinforcement is completed, a vapor barrier film is laid. After that, we can assume that the job has already been done, and proceed to the final finishing.
The technology of floor insulation practically does not differ from the previously described processes associated with works on thermal insulation of walls and ceilings
The process of insulating the floor, walls and ceiling does not cause difficulties even for beginners, and you cannot do without it, because a house from a bar should be warm and cozy, especially in the winter season. Understanding what problems you can face when insulating, and most importantly - how to get around them, you can carry out the work yourself, using only the advice of specialists. However, if there is no self-confidence, then it is better to entrust this not the most difficult, but still responsible process to the masters of their craft. In this case, there will be less cause for concern, and warmth will settle in your house for many years.
Warming a house from a bar from the inside in the video below.