Floor In A Frame House: Pie (device) Of A Rough Floor And Installation Of A Log, A Floor On Screw Piles. How To Make A Cold And Warm Floor Without A Screed?

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Floor In A Frame House: Pie (device) Of A Rough Floor And Installation Of A Log, A Floor On Screw Piles. How To Make A Cold And Warm Floor Without A Screed?
Floor In A Frame House: Pie (device) Of A Rough Floor And Installation Of A Log, A Floor On Screw Piles. How To Make A Cold And Warm Floor Without A Screed?

Video: Floor In A Frame House: Pie (device) Of A Rough Floor And Installation Of A Log, A Floor On Screw Piles. How To Make A Cold And Warm Floor Without A Screed?

Video: Floor In A Frame House: Pie (device) Of A Rough Floor And Installation Of A Log, A Floor On Screw Piles. How To Make A Cold And Warm Floor Without A Screed?
Video: S2E01 Helical Pile & Wooden Lattice Foundations for our Self-Build Wooden House 2024, March
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Frame houses are now common due to their affordable cost, fast construction and excellent thermal insulation characteristics. For the best heat conservation in a room, it is necessary to understand the nuances of floor construction, since this area is significantly exposed to external conditions.

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What materials are used?

The floor in a frame house is a structure that is formed by several layers of various elements, somewhat similar to the pie of a frame structure. When erecting, it must be borne in mind that different pressure is applied to the floor and walls, which is why the process itself and the materials are different. Differences are also visible in the arrangement of floors on the first and second floors.

First of all, the foundation is laid, after the construction of the floor begins, and only then the walls are constructed. The technology is not so complicated, but the quality and duration can be influenced by weather conditions. All work is carried out on a sunny day, precipitation in the form of rain can spoil the materials, especially if wood is used.

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First you need to choose the right main material - wood. This is influenced by resources and accounting for local weather events. Thermal and waterproofing materials are also needed.

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Characteristic

Conifers Not expensive, it is durable and has a long service life. Suitable for small rooms: kitchen, bathroom, corridor.
Oak, aspen Average cost, reliable and durable. Applied to the bedroom and living room.

The material must be dry, if you use damp wood, then over time, cracks form on the floor. A good option is a first grade wood with a moisture content of up to 20%.

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The following tools may be needed during construction:

  • plane;
  • electric jigsaw;
  • drill;
  • plumb lines;
  • pencil;
  • steam and waterproofing material;
  • sand;
  • cement mortar;
  • timber.
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It is important to understand that before installing the floor covering, it is necessary to make the supporting structure - the foundation.

Device

Construction begins with clearing the site and erecting the foundation. There are several ways:

  • on piles - make the floor raised;
  • on poles - suspended floor;
  • tape - the floor is raised above the ground by a small distance, air blowing occurs thanks to special holes;
  • monolithic - the house is on the ground, so it needs to be insulated (by means of a concrete screed).

Often, a frame house is placed on screw piles. Although its cost is overpriced, it can be installed on almost any terrain. The construction technology is simple, even an inexperienced builder can handle:

  • installation of piles according to the scheme / project;
  • put roofing material on top, equal to the head of the pile;
  • apply bituminous mastic to the piles;
  • spread the timber onto the pile heads, leaving room for cuts;
  • cut off the joints (up to 30 cm in length), cover the cracks from the saw cut with mastic or special glue (for waterproofing);
  • fasteners of the wooden trim - from the corners and joints, drill holes for the bolts on the timber and pile and screw them so that the bolt is not visible on the surface;
  • in the corners, reinforce the strapping with staples;
  • similar actions from the inside;
  • cover the strapping with antiseptic and mastic.
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The thickness of the timber is 20 cm. Before arranging the cake, waterproofing (roofing material) should be applied to the beams. After the installation of the main beams is carried out. A sub-floor is installed on top in the form of a slab:

  • bars (25 cm) are attached to the beams;
  • boards are laid over the entire area;
  • followed by a layer of waterproofing;
  • logs, upstairs thermal insulation (ekopena);
  • film;
  • Fiberboard or boards.

All this represents the frame of the house. Construction work is completed with the flooring of the finishing coating - linoleum, parquet or other material.

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Installation

The project of a frame house contains diagrams and step-by-step instructions, it should be adhered to … Laying the floor for the first and second floors is slightly different (installation of beams in 2 layers). It is important to carry out the arrangement according to the recommendations, they will avoid shortcomings. The most difficult thing is to install the base and logs, as well as to place the rough structure, so we will consider these processes in more detail.

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Base and lag installation

The base of the frame house is the foundation

  1. Platen - expensive, durable and versatile. Replaces the installation of the subfloor, since in this case it is possible to do without it.
  2. Tape - the feature lies in the use of concrete floors, avoiding a cold floor. The fragile structure and low cost of materials, so the option is dubious.
  3. Pile-screw - a popular, simple and not the most expensive way. Suitable for almost any soil.

Lags are the frame of the house, on the installation of which the reliability of the entire structure depends. Often, wood species (oak, aspen) are used to create them, which are impregnated with an antiseptic solution that prevents rotting and the appearance of fungi. In the modern market, you can find both expensive and cheap materials, the quality and durability largely depend on the price.

The smallest width of the board is 30 cm, and the height is from 15 cm. Logs are installed on the beams, which are included in the foundation of the frame house. When arranging a log on a concrete and slab foundation, it is worth laying a waterproofing material. The distance between the lags should be at least 40 cm. This will evenly distribute the load on the entire structure.

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Many materials for steam and waterproofing are produced with the same width, which is very convenient, because you do not need to cut off excess

Step by step installation lag:

  • installation of boards - superimposed on the edge, aligned along the edge of the harness;
  • fixing the boards at an angle with nails or self-tapping screws;
  • collecting lag with nails;
  • installation of jumpers - to distribute the load on the logs, for the ease of the device, a checkerboard pattern is possible, it is important to snuggle to each other;
  • retaining straps - for equal distribution of pressure on the walls (fastening on the parallel side) and partitions, they are fixed by means of nails or self-tapping screws.

The main rule when performing work is to adhere to the step-by-step installation sequence. This will ensure the reliability and strength of the entire structure and a high-quality connection of the floor, walls and base. It will also increase the service life of all elements in the room.

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Rough construction

To start arranging a rough structure, you need to decide on the material. There are several types of them.

  • Expanded clay - granules of red-brown color of different sizes. They have the following special characteristics: good breathability and heat retention. They are used mainly for floor insulation.
  • Mineral wool - glass wool and stone wool. It is fragile and corrosive. Retains moisture, has a low level of hygroscopicity, high cost.
  • Styrofoam - pellets-balls, compacted into a total mass. Low cost, long life and ease of use.
  • Expanded polystyrene - dense material with a cellular structure.
  • Ecowool - made from cellulose. There are 2 types: dry and wet, applied using a special device.
  • Polyurethane foam - spraying into space, filling all cracks and crevices with foam. High waterproofing properties.
  • Slabs - a rigid element, ease of installation, heat retention inside the room, but the cost is high.
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The basis of the subfloor - filling the free space with 40 by 40 beams … They are laid along the entire perimeter. This is followed by waterproofing. It prevents moisture penetration. A vapor-tight membrane is used, which is secured with a stapler. This is how some cells are formed, the selected insulation is placed in them. If the cotton wool leaves no gaps, then solid elements, on the contrary, have a small gap, it is covered with polyurethane foam.

This is followed by a layer of vapor barrier. The finishing coating of the rough structure is wooden boards.

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How to make a warm floor?

There are 2 types of underfloor heating installation - with a screed and without a screed. The first is characterized by ease of execution, heat retention inside the room. It is used for small areas / rooms (bathroom, bath, corridor and kitchen). The algorithm of actions is as follows.

  1. Concrete screed fits in a thin layer.
  2. Waterproofing along the entire perimeter - plastic wrap (to prevent moisture penetration / retention), capturing 5-10 cm of the wall, fixed with tape.
  3. Layer insulation (no more than 10 cm) - solid or soft polystyrene foam.
  4. Reinforcing mesh - for rigidity and pressure distribution.
  5. Damper tape - is laid over the entire area to prevent the disintegration of the concrete solution when heated.
  6. Pipe laying - fastening them with a coupler, the distance between the pipes is up to 30 cm.
  7. Checking the operation of pipes - water supply, inspection of the adequacy of heating.
  8. Screed layer - live pipes.
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When installing the second type of frame floor insulation, the process itself is carried out on a rough structure. The essence of the method consists in the arrangement of flooring for pipes, which implies a different front of work.

  1. Waterproofing layer - polyethylene membrane.
  2. Insulation - hard or soft elements. It is applied around the entire perimeter of the house in a small layer - up to 15 cm.
  3. Planks are being laid (preference for larch or conifers), during which it is necessary to leave space for the pipeline. It is also possible to use plywood or fiberboard.
  4. Stacked metal sheet for better heat supply to the room.
  5. Laying the heat system … Solid pipes over the area of large rooms: living room, bedrooms.
  6. Testing work - checking the heat supply through the pipe water supply system.
  7. Finishing flooring - plywood or boards.

Any of these methods are effective. The last type of insulation is quick and easy to perform. At the same time, the characteristics of steam and waterproofing are the same.

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Finish coating

The finishing coat completes the construction of the floors in the frame house. They use various options, they are all unique in their own way. The floorings have distinctive features, with the help of which we can talk about the appropriateness of the flooring.

Coating

Dignity

disadvantages

Laminate The affordable cost of the material (from 300 rubles / m2), although it is necessary to pay a little more for the quality (900 rubles / m2). Attractive to look at. A large selection of coatings, different colors and wood imitation. Imperceptibly irregularities or roughness when feeling. Withstand external load: furniture wheels, chairs, shoes (hairpin). Installation is possible without specialized assistance, independently. Not resistant to significant moisture. Correct installation is necessary, otherwise a characteristic creak appears. Sometimes gaps are formed, the floors must be flat.
Linoleum Low material cost. Large selection of materials of different density and color. Waterproof. Usually the flooring is done in-house. Maintenance is insignificant and simple (washing with soapy water). Withstands the pressure of home appliances with a scratching base. Unpleasant tactile sensations when touching the surface. Odorless when exposed to direct sunlight. Gradual wear of the product.
Ceramic tile Natural materials. Self-installation is possible. Resistant to moisture and high temperatures. Pleasant tactile sensations after touching. Durability. Does not lend itself to wear. A wide range of products that differ in characteristics and colors. Feeling cool without heated floors. Increased fragility of the product, damage to a sharp object is possible. High price. Good audibility when moving.
Wooden plank Environmental friendliness. Installation by oneself is possible, but there is a cost of effort and time. Pleasant feeling when stroking a well-finished surface. Low cost. An unpleasant reaction to moisture is the appearance of sounds, and, over time, mold and decay. Deterioration of the coating under stress and scratches, especially in conifers.
Parquet Pleasant appearance and touch. Easy care. Long service life. There is a possibility of hand-made installation and updating of the product (height inspection). Overpriced (the cheapest - 1500 rubles / m2, expensive models - 4000 rubles / m2). There are traces of sharp objects, an update is needed. Need special care. Absorbs odors.
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The device of products on the surface is quite simple. Some - for cement mortar, some - for simple collection, others - for nails / screws. Any of these materials are good, the choice is up to the owners. The construction of floors in a frame house is a mandatory and uncomplicated phenomenon if you know all the stages of work … Installation is possible on your own, but in order to avoid unforeseen situations, it is better to entrust this business to professionals.

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The device and construction of floors in a frame house in the video below.

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