Recently, paint has been increasingly used for finishing wooden surfaces. Many paints are believed to help protect wood from various factors. But such coatings may not always be suitable for wooden textures. That is why it is important to know the advantages and disadvantages of all types of paints that are compatible with wood surfaces, so that you can choose the right one for finishing.
Features of the
High quality wood paints usually include components such as:
- pigments;
- binding base;
- filler;
- additional additives.
Each component has a specific function. The pigment gives the paintwork a specific shade. The binder base is responsible for the texture of the paint and allows all components of the composition to be well combined to a homogeneous mass. In addition, it forms a surface film with protective properties. The filler is used to ensure that the applied paint remains durable and has a beautiful shine that emphasizes the texture of the wood.
For the manufacture of paint, a lot of additives are used that allow you to extend the life of wooden surfaces:
- The defoamer has a fire protection function.
- Fungicides have a protective function by preventing the spread of fungi and harmful bacteria.
- Desiccants allow the coating to dry quickly on the surface of the wood.
Thus, the correct composition of paint improves many quality characteristics of wooden surfaces and reduces the likelihood of wear and tear, as well as damage from external influences.
All coatings that are used for wood finishing, completely environmentally friendly. They allow the material to maintain a good indoor climate.
The paint must be a durable coating, because when erased, it will not be able to cope with its decorative functions, and the tree will no longer be so reliably protected. It is important that this paint has moisture resistance. Many manufacturers present models, the main function of which is to protect wood from the effects of moisture.
A feature of some types of wood paints is that the manufacturer includes natural ingredients in their composition. This is due to the fact that wood itself is completely natural and environmentally friendly, therefore paints for this raw material usually contain components based on animal wax and vegetable resins. Such paints are not presented in a wide variety of shades, but they perfectly preserve the environmental friendliness of the tree.
Special functions
The paint also performs other important and necessary functions for wooden surfaces:
- Wood paints are usually resistant to mechanical damage. They protect the tree from being hit by hard objects and other influences.
- Most of the compositions intended for wood are hiding. They penetrate well into the texture of the wood and fill even the smallest gaps. The coatings are well distributed over the surface and leave no gaps. They look beautiful and monolithic.
- Any paint for wood has a decorative function. It is designed to fill plain wooden surfaces with brightness and rich shades.
- An important feature of wood paints is that they have a low cost. You can save on interior or exterior decoration without using expensive paints and varnishes.
- Another feature of wood paint is that it makes it easier to maintain wood surfaces. You will be able to constantly wash floors and do regular cleaning without worrying that fine dirt will clog into the wood texture. In addition, the color of the paint does not change over time. You do not have to worry that wooden walls and other elements will deteriorate from wet cleaning.
Places of application
Wood paint can be used for both indoor and outdoor use. In addition, this way you can not only protect the tree, but also make it brighter and more interesting. You can use any options for painting and design changes.
Paints have a number of features that distinguish their purpose:
- Outdoor models allow you to transform facades, fences, wall surfaces, doors, benches, steps, stairs and other wooden elements. They have good penetration properties.
- Many models designed for external woodwork are frost-resistant. They reliably protect the tree from freezing and retain their appearance for many years, regardless of the number of defrosting and freezing cycles.
- Interior models often do not have the same strong odor as exterior models. Odorless paints are often used to paint wood in interiors. They are more expensive, but more functional.
- Models for exterior decoration are more resistant to natural factors. They do not fade in the sun, they do not care about exposure to direct sunlight.
- Also, exterior paints more reliably protect wood from moisture and other natural factors, including precipitation of any kind.
- But usually paints for interior work dry faster than paints for exterior decoration, which is a feature of such wood-like compositions.
Manufacturers are trying to combine all these important features in one specific composition so that the paint fits well on the wood, and the coating as a whole looks presentable. But still, many formulations differ depending on their purpose and some quality characteristics.
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Water-based paint
Compositions based on an aqueous emulsion have a more liquid consistency compared to other types. It is this quality characteristic that allows the paint and varnish composition to penetrate the wood texture deeper and faster and create a high-quality coating without gaps. Water-based paint for wood, after drying, forms a protective film that protects the wood from many factors. Water-based paints usually include:
- water;
- pigments responsible for the color of the paint;
- binding film formers;
- fillers responsible for quick drying and moisture resistance;
- organic solvent.
All these components combine well with each other and create a reliable and high-quality wood-like finish. Water-based formulations usually dry in about 4 hours, but there are also faster drying types of such paint. It all depends on what kind of filler the manufacturer additionally added to its composition.
Latex paints
Some water-based paints have latex as their base. These formulations are virtually odorless, making them great for wood-like interiors. Latex water emulsion paint has a pasty appearance, therefore, when used, it is diluted with water.
Latex compounds have good moisture resistance and are completely non-toxic. They dry on average a couple of hours, thus speeding up the finishing process. Latex paints have an important advantage - due to their plastic texture, they are able to fill even small cracks and textured elements of the wood surface, providing the highest quality painting.
Latex water-based paints have the quality of vapor permeability. It is thanks to him that the wood receives additional protection from the development and spread of the fungus.
But latex paint has some disadvantages:
- Such a coating quickly loses its color when exposed to direct sunlight. That is why it is not customary to use it for exterior decoration. If the room has many windows with bright light, and they face the south side, then it is advisable not to use such paints. In addition, over time, the coating can quickly lose its original shade and begins to turn yellow.
- This paint when working on wood requires the use of special tools. A brush for such a paint and varnish composition is completely unsuitable. That is why it is necessary for him to purchase a spray gun and a paint roller and use them in combination.
Thus, water-based latex compositions are excellent for interior woodwork and perfectly protect the surface from moisture. But for painting facades, window frames and doors, paint is completely irrelevant.
Polyvinyl acetate paints
Water-based paints can be composed of polyvinyl acetate. It is he who performs the function of a connecting element in this coating. PVA emulsions are the cheapest among all water-based paints. They go well with wood textures. Moreover, they dry no more than 2 hours.
Outwardly, they also differ from other water-based compositions. Thanks to special components, they form not a glossy, but a semi-matte film. They even allow you to preserve the texture of the wood, but very small pores remain on the surface.
Water-based paints of this type meet fire safety requirements and reduce the risk of fire. They do not contain ingredients harmful to human health and do not emit an unpleasant odor when painted. They are quite easy to apply due to the high plasticity of the mixture. In addition, they have good adhesion to wood surfaces. They protect wooden surfaces from alkali attack.
PVA based emulsion paints, unlike latex compositions, do not fade and are more durable. But they are susceptible to water. With frequent wet cleaning, the composition is quickly washed off. In addition, the coating can quickly get dirty and deteriorate, since there is no protection against mechanical stress.
The PVA emulsion does not allow the tree to breathe, which has a bad effect on the microclimate of the room. Thus, it is better not to use it for finishing street structures. For such compositions, warm rooms with good ventilation, utility rooms or buildings for storing things are perfect.
All types of emulsion compositions have a great advantage - low paint consumption on wood. This is due to the high-quality hiding power. A good finish usually requires no more than two coats of paint. So, one square meter usually takes no more than 200 ml of this composition. For more porous wood species, the consumption may increase slightly, but it will still be less compared to other types of compounds.
In addition, water-based paints are presented in a wide variety of shades, you can choose coatings for almost every taste. Some water-based formulations include additives in the form of silicates, alkyds, silicone. Basically, water emulsions function as interior paints and are excellent for interior decoration of residential premises.
Water-dispersive
These formulations are considered completely natural and environmentally friendly. This is an excellent solution for those who are worried about the safety of finishing materials. Water-based paints contain water, pigments, base and harmless filler. The composition contains no solvents. Typically, paint is sold as a paste and must therefore be diluted with water.
Such compositions are usually presented in light shades, and the quality of the paint depends on the tone of the solution. That is why it is necessary to additionally purchase a color scheme to make the paint brighter. This way you can create a better composition.
The composition of water-dispersion paint for wood also includes latex, PVA and other components. But in general, the coating remains high quality and environmentally friendly. As a rule, water-based paint applied to wood will dry for no more than 2 hours.
Water-based dispersion paint is durable. Many manufacturers claim that these formulations can last up to 15 years. They protect wood from mechanical damage and abrasion. In addition, the aqueous dispersion is highly adhesive. This coating allows you to paint over well any, even the most porous wood.
The water dispersion is odorless and therefore excellent for interior decoration. When dry, no harmful substances are released into the air. The coating only evaporates the water. The paint does not impair the indoor climate and allows the tree to breathe, while maintaining its environmental friendliness. The most important quality is water resistance, therefore, the areas of application of this composition are varied.
Acrylic compounds
This material is often used for painting wooden surfaces. It has become widespread in this area due to its good price / quality ratio. It protects the tree from ignition in the event of a spark hitting it.
When dry, a dense film forms on the surface, which protects the tree from many factors. The material provides good air circulation, prevents wood from rotting. In addition, it does not spread fungus and protects the tree from moisture. Acrylic paints are completely hypoallergenic and safe. In addition, in combination with wood, acrylic has good adhesion.
It extends the life of wood surfaces and increases their abrasion resistance. Wood painted with acrylics is much easier to clean. It is not at all afraid of wet cleaning and many household chemicals. During application, the paint does not emit an unpleasant odor and dries in less than 2 hours. There are even acrylic paints that dry in 30 minutes.
Almost any tool can be used to apply acrylic compounds: both a roller and a brush. They can even be applied with a spray gun.
Acrylic compositions for wood differ in that they have more interesting decorative characteristics than other types of paints suitable for this material. They allow you to make the surface matte, semi-matt or glossy. In addition, manufacturers present paint models that can replace any varnishes. There are also acrylic paints with glitter, mother of pearl and some other decorative elements.
Acrylic compounds are also resistant to temperature extremes. Therefore, they are suitable for both exterior and interior decoration. But it is not so easy to apply acrylic paints to wood. When distributing the composition over the wood, some roughness may form on the surface.
That is why, in order to obtain smooth coatings, it is necessary to thoroughly sand the surface before painting and apply paint in several layers, grinding each subsequent one.
Oil and alkyd dyes
These formulations are made from oils or synthetic substances. In general, their composition differs only in these two components. The first option is of natural origin, and the second is artificial. The connecting element of these compositions is drying oil. Manufacturers do not allow tinting of these materials, although their choice in color and design is limited.
Alkyd and oil compositions have high-quality adhesion to wood. Plus it is a good water-repellent paint.
But wooden walls and other surfaces painted with these compounds become non-breathable. This can lead to mold growth, especially if the room has a high level of humidity. Both oil and alkyd compounds do not have sufficient elasticity, therefore, they can subsequently crack from the shrinkage of the tree.
That is why they are not used as the main finishing material, but only for accent decorative finishing or for covering walls in industrial premises.
The varnish, which is part of these paints, although it protects the paint from spreading, but over time affects its color. The paints begin to turn yellow and fade. These compounds dry for about two days, so they rarely paint living quarters. In addition, these species have a pungent odor.
Oil and alkyd paints are most often used for finishing wooden floors in non-residential premises. They are also used for painting wooden arbors, fences, attic structures, benches and wooden outdoor tables.
Epoxy paint
It is a two-component interior paint containing epoxy resins. They are ideal for even the most demanding operating conditions. It is often used for the exterior of wood surfaces. It resists any mechanical, weather and even chemical influences. It is these paint models that are most often used for flooring.
They allow wood floors to last much longer than other coatings.… This composition is versatile and reliable. It is resistant to high temperatures and frost, does not deteriorate from moisture.
Lucky
Such compositions are now often used to coat wood. With their help, you can preserve the wood texture and improve the quality of the surface, make it smoother, safer and more durable.
As an alternative to varnishes, all kinds of impregnations, stains and other coatings are used, which allow you to focus on the structure of the wood and preserve the naturalness of this coating. In addition, they make it more resistant to external influences.
Varnishes can be completely transparent or have some kind of ebb. Decorative varnishes can preserve the naturalness of the wood, but at the same time slightly change its shade, darkening or, on the contrary, lightening the material. With their help, you can make the effect that the surface is covered with wax, or create a bright glossy shine. In this way, not only walls and ceilings are decorated, but also floors and even furniture. Varnishes allow you to maximize the beauty of wood textures.
Design and colors
For painting wood, you can use bright colors or transparent natural finishes. If you have textured and high-quality wood, for example, wenge or oak, then you should not paint over them with colored coatings. It is better to purchase transparent compositions for semi-antique decor. They will make wood textures more luxurious and natural. This is a great solution for interior design in eco, provence, classic style.
For decorating children's rooms, it is better to use quieter shades, choosing pink, blue, light green or yellow. If the child is older, then you can purchase brighter types of paints. Black and white paint is perfect for creating an interesting contrasting design. This combination can be used for painting or for contrasting trims with stripes or other geometric lines.
Glossy gold paint or matte silver looks beautiful in the interior. All types of coatings are suitable for different types of interiors. Silver fits perfectly into any modern type of decoration, for example, high-tech, minimalism or techno interiors. But gold, brown, beige shades should be used to decorate more traditional interiors like wood.
Gold and patina look exquisite. As a rule, to create such a combination, they acquire a special decorative paint that can imitate copper plaque. This finishing method is often used when painting wooden furniture.
Manufacturers
Customer reviews show that the specialized wood paint of the Belinka brand is of good quality. The manufacturer presents protective textured paint coatings for wood and impregnation. Buyers write that these coatings protect any wood surfaces from moisture and fungus. They also note the durability of the coatings.
Many praise the German and Finnish wood paints from the brand Teknos. The popularity is due to the antiseptic and moisture-protective properties of such paint, as well as the fact that the coating does not wash out for a long time and soaks the wood well.
Selection Tips
When choosing paint for interior work, it is necessary to use only high-quality and safe formulations. This is especially true for the design of rooms for children. In this case, you can only purchase odorless, quick-drying paints. When purchasing decorative paints for decorating walls inside the house, try to choose compositions that are suitable for painting. The drawing will fit on them much better and will look more interesting.
You can paint on wood covered with decorative paints anywhere. It can be both walls and furniture, including a table and chairs. To do this, it is better to use quick-drying water-based paints, but for painting it is better to use acrylic compositions.
It is advisable to select paints for interior decoration that will allow the tree to breathe. This is especially true of coatings intended for wall decoration.
To finish the floor, there is no need to purchase paint that increases the wear resistance of the wood. It is better if these are the most reliable compounds that bring wet cleaning and mechanical stress. Spray paint is perfect for interior decoration. As a rule, these are rubber or other compounds in spray cans, which allow you to create interesting transitions, for example, a gradient.
Rubber paint is perfect for creating matte textures. If you plan to paint large areas with such a composition, then it is better to purchase a spray gun. It will make the color of the tree more even.
Be sure to purchase a remover along with the paint. Thus, you can make the coating better and more uniform, even out its texture. If you want to emphasize the naturalness and environmental friendliness of the coating, then it is better to use transparent paints and varnishes. Polyurethane paints are also great to help age wood. With their help, you can create an interesting vintage interior and even change the texture of a particular type of wood.
For information on how to paint wooden walls correctly, see the next video.